Comparison of High-Speed Internet Access Packages

High-speed access through phone lines is referred to as digital-subscriber line service, or DSL. Internet data is transferred across the copper wire installed for phone service. DSL is widely available, though it depends on a proximity of about 10,000 feet or less to DSL hubs. Because DSL data is transferred over the phone line, phone service disruptions also impact Internet connectivity. Latency, or the speed at which response requests are returned across the Internet, is generally low. Low latency is generally required for on-line gaming and video conferencing.Line filters are required at each phone jack to prevent DSL interference with phone calls. DSL access packages are offered by major carriers, such as Qwest, AT&T;, Bellsouth and Verizon and start at 1.5 megabits per second download speeds and 256 kilobits per second upload speeds, sufficient for on-line streaming of video.

Coaxial-cable Internet service transfers data across the same cable used to power television service. As with DSL, cable company package speeds vary by location, company, and installed infrastructure, though access packages start at speeds higher than the lowest packages offered through DSL. Service disruptions affecting cable TV also affect the Internet connectivity of cable Internet service. Latency, or response time for requests, is generally very low.

Fiber-optic lines are tiny glass tubes that transfer data through light transmission, rather than the electrical current used in copper-wire construction. Data transfer speeds are comparable with the access packages offered with DSL and cable, though as with any Internet service, actual offerings are based on location and infrastructure. Service disruptions primary are a result of broken lines, as light transmission is not affected by weather or electrical disturbance. The low latency of fiber-optic connections makes it suitable for on-line gaming and video conferencing.

Satellite service transfers data from the point of connection to a fixed-orbit satellite. The fixed orbit, or "geosynchronous" orbit, allows reliable connectivity as long as the signal can be maintained. Download speeds are comparable to cable and DSL service, though upload speeds are typically less.Some satellite service requires use of your phone line for uploads, restricting the data transfer speeds even further. Even with high download speeds, expect poor performance in on-line gaming and video conferencing requiring low response time, or "latency," as a result of the distance the signal must travel to the satellite to and from the earth before being routed. Mobility of satellite service makes this option popular for travelers and RV owners; as long as the satellite is accessible, service is maintained. Weather conditions may cause poor signal reception.

Wireless Internet connection services utilize radio broadcast frequencies to transfer data to and from connection points. Connection towers erected across cities enable mobile connectivity. Guaranteed minimum speeds are not possible, as signal strength determines the maximum download and upload speeds. Maximum speeds are capped according to your service plan. Signal interference may be high, due to walls, electronic use, appliances, and weather conditions. When connected with maximum signal strength, connection speeds and latency is generally good and comparable to DSL and cable.